CD97

CD97 molecule
	; PDB rendering based on 2bo2.
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	2bo2, 2bou, 2box
Identifiers
Symbols	CD97; TM7LN1
External IDs	OMIM: 601211 MGI: 1347095 HomoloGene: 8050 IUPHAR: CD97 GeneCards: CD97 Gene
Gene Ontology
Molecular function	• transmembrane signaling receptor activity; • G-protein coupled receptor activity; • calcium ion binding;
Cellular component	• extracellular space; • plasma membrane; • integral to plasma membrane;
Biological process	• cellular component movement; • inflammatory response; • immune response; • cell adhesion; • cell surface receptor signaling pathway; • G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway; • neuropeptide signaling pathway; • cell-cell signaling;
	Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
	More reference expression data
Orthologs
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CD97 antigen is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD97 gene.¹²³

This gene encodes a member of the adhesion-GPCR receptor family ⁴ expressed predominantly by cells of the immune system. Family members are characterized by an extended extracellular region with a variable number of N-terminal protein modules coupled to a TM7 region via a domain known as the GPCR-Autoproteolysis INducing (GAIN) domain.⁵ In the case of CD97 the N-terminal domains consist of alternatively spliced epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domains. These mediate binding to its cellular ligand, decay accelerating factor (DAF/CD55), a regulatory protein of the complement cascade, however the CD55-CD97 interaction is believed to have an activity independent of complement. Alternative splicing has been observed for this gene and three variants have been found.³

CD97 is an adhesion GPCR that is normally found on tissue of hematapoetic origin and in smooth muscle.⁶ It signals through Gα12/13 and activates RHO. It has been found to be upregulated in Cancers, including prostate, breast, and thyroid. In prostate cancer. it has been shown that CD97 is hetoerodimerizing with another GPCR, LPAR. The interaction is believed to further enhance the RHO signaling between both receptors.⁷

References

^ Hamann J, Eichler W, Hamann D, Kerstens HM, Poddighe PJ, Hoovers JM, Hartmann E, Strauss M, van Lier RA (Sep 1995). "Expression cloning and chromosomal mapping of the leukocyte activation antigen CD97, a new seven-span transmembrane molecule of the secretion receptor superfamily with an unusual extracellular domain". J Immunol 155 (4): 1942–50. PMID 7636245.
^ Hamann J, Hartmann E, van Lier RA (Sep 1996). "Structure of the human CD97 gene: exon shuffling has generated a new type of seven-span transmembrane molecule related to the secretin receptor superfamily". Genomics 32 (1): 144–7. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0092. PMID 8786105.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: CD97 CD97 molecule".
^ Stacey M, Yona S (2011). Adhesion-GPCRs: Structure to Function (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology). Berlin: Springer. ISBN 1-4419-7912-3.
^ Araç D, Boucard AA, Bolliger MF, Nguyen J, Soltis SM, Südhof TC, Brunger AT (March 2012). "A novel evolutionarily conserved domain of cell-adhesion GPCRs mediates autoproteolysis". EMBO J. 31 (6): 1364–78. doi:10.1038/emboj.2012.26. PMC 3321182. PMID 22333914.
^ Ward, Y., R. Lake, J. J. Yin, C. D. Heger, M. Raffeld, P. K. Goldsmith, M. Merino, K. Kelly. 2011. LPA receptor heterodimerizes with CD97 to amplify LPA-initiated RHO-dependent signaling and invasion in prostate cancer cells. Cancer Res. 71: 7301–7311.
^ Ward Y, Lake R, Martin P L, Killian K, Salerno P, Wang T, Meltzer P, Merino M, Cheng S-Y, Santoro M, Garcia-Rostan G, Kelly K,CD97 amplifies LPA receptor signaling and promotes thyroid cancer progression in a mouse model. Oncogene. 2012/07/16/online

Mustafa T, Eckert A, Klonisch T, Kehlen A, Maurer P, Klintschar M, Erhuma M, Zschoyan R, Gimm O, Dralle H, Schubert J, Hoang-Vu C (January 2005). "Expression of the epidermal growth factor seven-transmembrane member CD97 correlates with grading and staging in human oral squamous cell carcinomas". Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 14 (1): 108–19. PMID 15668483.

Kwakkenbos MJ, Kop EN, Stacey M et al. (2004). "The EGF-TM7 family: a postgenomic view". Immunogenetics 55 (10): 655–66. doi:10.1007/s00251-003-0625-2. PMID 14647991.
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Gray JX, Haino M, Roth MJ et al. (1997). "CD97 is a processed, seven-transmembrane, heterodimeric receptor associated with inflammation". J. Immunol. 157 (12): 5438–47. PMID 8955192.
Hamann J, Vogel B, van Schijndel GM, van Lier RA (1997). "The seven-span transmembrane receptor CD97 has a cellular ligand (CD55, DAF)". J. Exp. Med. 184 (3): 1185–9. doi:10.1084/jem.184.3.1185. PMC 2192782. PMID 9064337.
Aust G, Eichler W, Laue S et al. (1997). "CD97: a dedifferentiation marker in human thyroid carcinomas". Cancer Res. 57 (9): 1798–806. PMID 9135025.
Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene 200 (1–2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
Ghannadan M, Baghestanian M, Wimazal F et al. (1998). "Phenotypic characterization of human skin mast cells by combined staining with toluidine blue and CD antibodies". J. Invest. Dermatol. 111 (4): 689–95. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1747.1998.00359.x. PMID 9764855.
Qian YM, Haino M, Kelly K, Song WC (1999). "Structural characterization of mouse CD97 and study of its specific interaction with the murine decay-accelerating factor (DAF, CD55)". Immunology 98 (2): 303–11. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.1999.00859.x. PMC 2326925. PMID 10540231.
Eichler W (2000). "CD97 isoform expression in leukocytes". J. Leukoc. Biol. 68 (4): 561–7. PMID 11037979.
Lin HH, Stacey M, Saxby C et al. (2001). "Molecular analysis of the epidermal growth factor-like short consensus repeat domain-mediated protein-protein interactions: dissection of the CD97-CD55 complex". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (26): 24160–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M101770200. PMID 11297558.
Jaspars LH, Vos W, Aust G et al. (2001). "Tissue distribution of the human CD97 EGF-TM7 receptor". Tissue Antigens 57 (4): 325–31. doi:10.1034/j.1399-0039.2001.057004325.x. PMID 11380941.
Steinert M, Wobus M, Boltze C et al. (2002). "Expression and Regulation of CD97 in Colorectal Carcinoma Cell Lines and Tumor Tissues". Am. J. Pathol. 161 (5): 1657–67. doi:10.1016/S0002-9440(10)64443-4. PMC 1850798. PMID 12414513.
Visser L, de Vos AF, Hamann J et al. (2003). "Expression of the EGF-TM7 receptor CD97 and its ligand CD55 (DAF) in multiple sclerosis". J. Neuroimmunol. 132 (1–2): 156–63. doi:10.1016/S0165-5728(02)00306-5. PMID 12417446.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
Stacey M, Chang GW, Davies JQ et al. (2003). "The epidermal growth factor-like domains of the human EMR2 receptor mediate cell attachment through chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans". Blood 102 (8): 2916–24. doi:10.1182/blood-2002-11-3540. PMID 12829604.
Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
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