Eden Gardens

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Not to be confused with Eden Garden or Garden of Eden.
Eden Gardens
Eden gardens ipl 2011.jpg
During the KKR vs RCB match; IPL 2011
Ground information
Location Kolkata
Coordinates 22°33′52″N 88°20′36″E / 22.56444°N 88.34333°E / 22.56444; 88.34333Coordinates: 22°33′52″N 88°20′36″E / 22.56444°N 88.34333°E / 22.56444; 88.34333
Establishment 1864
Capacity 90,000 (aprox)
Owner Indian Army
Operator Cricket Association of Bengal
Tenants Indian Cricket Team
Bengal cricket team
Kolkata Knight Riders
End names
High Court End
Pavilion End
International information
First Test 5 Jan – 8 Jan 1934: India v England
Last Test 22 February - 24 March 2013: India v Australia
First ODI 18 Feb 1987: India v Sri Lanka
Last ODI 3 Jan 2013: India v Pakistan
Domestic team information
Bengal cricket team (1908 – present)
Kolkata Knight Riders (2008 – present)

As of 3 January 2013
Source: Eden Gardens, Cricinfo

Eden Gardens is a cricket ground in Kolkata, India. It is the home of the Bengal cricket team and the Indian Premier League's Kolkata Knight Riders, as well as being a venue for Test, One Day International and Twenty20 International matches.1 The largest cricket stadium in India and second-largest in the world by seating capacity, it is widely acknowledged to be the most iconic cricket stadium in India. Eden Gardens has been called "cricket's answer to the Colosseum".2

Contents

History

Established in 1864, Eden Gardens currently holds 90,000 people34 following renovations for the Cricket World Cup 2011; a capacity down from an estimated 100,000 before the upgrade. Prior to the 1987 World Cup, the capacity was said to be approximately 120,000; however, no official figures have been recorded.1 Nevertheless, it remains the third biggest cricket stadium in the world, trailing Melbourne Cricket Ground and ANZ Stadium in Australia. Before 1984 both cricket and derby football matches were played in Eden Garden. The stadium is located in the B. B. D. Bagh area of the city, near the State Secretariat and Calcutta High Court. The first recorded Test at the venue was held in 1934, and its first One Day International in 1987.1 The Hero Cup knockout matches were staged at Eden Gardens, the first matches played under lights at the ground.5 Sporting floodlights, bowlers deliver from the High Court End or the Pavilion End of a pitch under curator Probir Mukherjee.1 Eden Gardens is renowned for its large and vociferous crowds. It is said that "a cricketer's cricketing education is not complete till he has played in front of a packed Eden Gardens." The Club House of the stadium has been named as the B.C. Roy Club House, after former Chief Minister of West Bengal Dr. B. C. Roy. The Headquarters of the Cricket Association of Bengal are also there at the Eden Gardens. The stadium also hosts Indian Premier League matches and is the home venue for Kolkata Knight Riders co-owned by the Bollywood superstar Shah Rukh Khan.

Notable events

Capacity Crowd (68,000) KKR vs PUNE WARRIORS 5 May 2012
  • In 1946, an in-form Mushtaq Ali was dropped from the Indian team selected to play an unofficial test against Australian Services XI. Following crowd protests (with slogans like "No Mushtaq, No Test"), the selectors brought him back to play.6
  • Rioting occurred at the ground during the 1966/67 West Indies and 1969/70 Australian tours.1
  • 16 football fans died in a stampede after a derby league game between East Bengal and Mohun Bagan on 16 August 1980
  • Hosted the memorable World Cup final of 1987 which ended with Australia defeating England by 7 runs.
  • The 1996 World Cup semi-final was called off and Sri Lanka awarded the match after crowd disturbances following an Indian batting collapse. a.1
  • During the 2nd final of the 1997 Pepsi Independence Cup, the Test and ODI captains of the Indian cricket team of all time (with a few notable exceptions) were given a lap of honour around the stadium.
  • In 1999, leading Indian batsman Sachin Tendulkar was run out after colliding with Pakistan's Shoaib Akhtar. Akhtar had impeded Tendulkar and the crowd rioted, forcing the police to evict the spectators. The match continued in front of an empty stadium.
  • Kapil Dev took an ODI hat-trick against the Sri Lankans in 1991 at the ground.
  • Harbhajan Singh took a hat-trick against Australia in 2000/01 at the ground. He became the first Indian to take a hat-trick in Test cricket.
  • VVS Laxman scored 281 against Australia in 2000/01. This remains the highest score at the ground. Australia were defeated despite holding the advantage for the majority of the game in "the greatest come-from-behind victory of modern times".1 It was only the third time in Test history that a team had won after being forced to follow on.7
Panoramic View of the Stadium during IPL 2008
  • The top four highest scores in this stadium has in Test cricket has been registered by India scoring 657–7 in 2001, 643–6 in 2010, 633–5 in 1998 and 631–7 in 2011.
  • The most runs in Test Matches Played here was scored by V.V.S. Laxman (1041 runs), followed by Mohammed Azharuddin (860 runs) and Rahul Dravid(843 runs). The most wickets taken here was by Harbhajan Singh (46 wickets) followed by Anil Kumble (40 wickets) and Bishen Singh Bedi (29 wickets).
  • The highest score in ODIs here was made by India, who scored 317–3 in 2009. The second highest score was made by Sri Lanka, who scored 315–6 in 2009, the third highest score was again made by Sri Lanka who were all-out for 309 in 1997.
  • The most runs in ODIs scored here by a batsman was by Sachin Tendulkar (496 runs), followed by Mohammed Azharuddin (332 runs) and Aravinda de Silva (306 runs). The most wickets taken here was by Anil Kumble and Kapil Dev (14 wickets each), followed by Javagal Srinath (8 wickets) and Ajit Agarkar (7 wickets).
  • VVS Laxman and Mohammed Azharuddhin have scored 5 centuries each at this venue,the last being the unbeaten 176 by Laxman.

Renovation

The ground before Cricket World Cup 2011 renovation
Infront of the Eden Gardens


Eden Gardens underwent renovation for the 2011 Cricket World Cup.8 Renovation has been undertaken to meet the standards set by the International Cricket Council (ICC) for the 2011 World Cup. The Cricket Association of Bengal retained the team of Burt Hill and VMS to renovate the Eden Garden Cricket Stadium. The renovated stadium includes a new clubhouse and players' facilities, upgrading the exterior wall to give the stadium a new look, cladding the existing roof structure with a new metal skin, new/upgraded patron amenities and signage, and general infrastructure improvements. In addition to being a stadium set to host the Cricket World Cup in 2011, the structure will also meet the programmatic needs of the regular season and special events.

Due to unsafe conditions arising from the incomplete renovations, the ICC withdrew the India vs. England match from the Eden Gardens. This match, scheduled on 27 February 2011,9 was played in Bengaluru at M.Chinnaswamy Stadium.

The stadium hosted the remaining three scheduled World Cup 2011 Matches on 15, 18 and 20 March 2011. In the last of these three matches (Kenya vs Zimbabwe), the stadium had the minimal ticket-purchasing crowd in its recorded history with 15 spectators having bought tickets.10

Cricket World Cup

This stadium has hosted One Day International (ODI) matches during 1987 Cricket World Cup, 1996 Cricket World Cup and 2011 Cricket World Cup. The stadium also was involved in the 1978 Women's Cricket World Cup and the 1997 Women's Cricket World Cup.

1987 ICC Cricket World Cup:

1.) 23 October 1987: Group A Match: Zimbabwe vs. New Zealand

Winner: New Zealand by 4 wickets

2.) 8 November 1987: Finals: Australia vs. England

Winner: Australia (first title) by 7 runs

1996 ICC Cricket World Cup:

1.) 13 March 1996: Semi-Final: Sri Lanka vs. India

Winner: The match was awarded to Sri Lanka after crowds started massive riots at the stadium

2011 ICC Cricket World Cup:

1.) 20 March 2011: Group A Match: Zimbabwe vs. Kenya

Winner: Zimbabwe by 161 runs

2.) 15 March 2011: Group B Match: South Africa vs. Ireland

Winner: South Africa by 131 runs

3.) 18 March 2011: Group B Match: Netherlands vs. Ireland

Winner: Ireland by 6 wickets

* Eden Gardens was meant to host a Group B Match between India and England on 27 February 2011. The ICC, however, stripped the stadium of the match after deciding that the renovation of the grounds would not be completed in time.

ICC Women's Cricket World Cup 1978:

1.) 1 January 1978: India vs. England

Winner: England by 9 wickets

ICC Women's Cricket World Cup 1997:

1.) 29 December 1997: Finals: New Zealand vs. Australia

Winner: Australia (4th title) by 5 wickets

One Day International Matches

List of ODI matches hosted at Eden Gardens.11

S No Team (A) Team (B) Winner Margin Match Date
1 India Pakistan Pakistan 2 wickets 18 Feb 1987
2 New Zealand Zimbabwe New Zealand 4 wickets 23 Oct 1987
3 Australia England Australia 7 runs 8 Nov 1987
4 India West Indies India 56 runs 2 Jan 1988
5 India Pakistan Pakistan 77 runs 28 Oct 1989
6 Pakistan West Indies Pakistan 4 wickets 1 Nov 1989
7 Bangladesh Sri Lanka Sri Lanka 71 runs 31 Dec 1990
8 India Sri Lanka India 7 wickets 4 Jan 1991
9 India South Africa India 3 wickets 10 Nov 1991
10 India South Africa India 2 runs 24 Nov 1993
11 Sri Lanka West Indies West Indies 7 wickets 25 Nov 1993
12 India West Indies India 102 runs 27 Nov 1993
13 India West Indies India 72 runs 5 Nov 1994
14 India Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Unknown 13 Mar 1996
15 Pakistan Sri Lanka Sri Lanka 85 runs 27 May 1997
16 India Kenya India 9 wickets 31 May 1998
17 India England India 22 runs 19 Jan 2002
18 India Australia Australia 37 runs 18 Nov 2003
19 India Pakistan Pakistan 6 wickets 13 Nov 2004
20 India South Africa South Africa 10 wickets 25 Nov 2005
21 India Sri Lanka No result N/A 8 Feb 2007
22 India Sri Lanka India 7 wickets 24 Dec 2009
23 Ireland South Africa South Africa 131 runs 15 Mar 2011
24 Ireland Netherlands Ireland 6 wickets 18 Mar 2011
25 Kenya Zimbabwe Zimbabwe 161 runs 20 Mar 2011
26 India England India 95 runs 25 Oct 2011
27 India Pakistan Pakistan 85 runs 3 Jan 2013

Twenty20 International Matches

List of T20I matches hosted at Eden Gardens.12

S No Team (A) Team (B) Winner Margin Match Date
1 India England England 6 wickets 29 Oct 2011
Crowd at an IPL Match

Test Matches

India have hosted a number of Test Matches at Eden Gardens.13

S No Opponents Winner Margin Match Date
1 England drawn N/A 5–8 Jan 1934
2 West Indies drawn N/A 31 Dec 1948 – 4 Jan 1949
3 England drawn N/A 30 Dec 1951 – 4 Jan 1952
4 Pakistan drawn N/A 12–15 Dec 1952
5 New Zealand drawn N/A 28 Dec 1955 – 2 Jan 1956
6 Australia Australia 94 runs 2–6 Nov 1956
7 West Indies West Indies inns & 336 runs 31 Dec 1958 – 4 Jan 1959
8 Australia drawn N/A 23–28 Jan 1960
9 Pakistan drawn N/A 30 Dec 1960 – 4 Jan 1961
10 England India 187 runs 30 Dec 1961 – 4 Jan 1962
11 England drawn N/A 29 Jan – 3 Feb 1964
12 Australia drawn N/A 17–22 Oct 1964
13 New Zealand drawn N/A 5–8 Mar 1965
14 West Indies West Indies inns & 45 runs 31 Dec 1966 – 5 Jan 1967
15 Australia Australia 10 wickets 12–16 Dec 1969
16 England India 28 runs 30 Dec 1972 – 4 Jan 1973
17 West Indies India 85 runs 27 Dec 1974 – 1 Jan 1975
18 England England 10 wickets 1–6 Jan 1977
19 West Indies drawn N/A 29 Dec 1978 – 3 Jan 1979
20 Australia drawn N/A 26–31 Oct 1979
21 Pakistan drawn N/A 29 Jan – 3 Feb 1980
22 England drawn N/A 1–6 Jan 1982
23 West Indies West Indies inns & 46 runs 10–14 Dec 1983
24 England drawn N/A 31 Dec 1984 – 5 Jan 1985
25 Pakistan drawn N/A 11–16 Feb 1987
26 West Indies drawn N/A 26–31 Dec 1989
27 England India 8 wickets 29 Jan – 2 Feb 1993
28 South Africa South Africa 329 runs 27 Nov – 1 Dec 1996
29 Australia India inns & 219 runs 18–21 Mar 1998
30 Pakistan Pakistan 46 runs 16–20 Feb 1999
31 Australia India 171 runs 11–15 Mar 2001
32 West Indies drawn N/A 30 Oct – 3 Nov 2002
33 South Africa India 8 wickets 28 Nov – 2 Dec 2004
34 Pakistan India 195 runs 16–20 Mar 2005
35 Pakistan drawn N/A 30 Nov – 4 Dec 2007
36 South Africa India inns & 57 runs 14–18 Feb 2010
37 West Indies India inns & 15 runs 14–17 Nov 2011
38 England England 7 wickets 5–9 Dec 2012
Eden Gardens under floodlights

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g "Eden Gardens". CricInfo. Retrieved 2009-04-12. 
  2. ^ "India keep winning – but the crowds stay away". BBC news. Retrieved 25 October 2011. 
  3. ^ Eden Gardens | India | Cricket Grounds | ESPN Cricinfo. Content-ind.cricinfo.com. Retrieved on 2011-09-04.
  4. ^ "Kolkata's Eden Gardens to miss World Cup deadline?". The Times Of India. 20 January 2011. 
  5. ^ "Hero Cup, 1993–94". Cricinfo. Retrieved 2012-03-22. 
  6. ^ "Unfortunately, they don't look for talent today: The Rediff Interview with Mushtaq Ali". Rediff.com. 17 December 2001. Retrieved 2011-10-12. 
  7. ^ "Border-Gavaskar Trophy – 2nd Test". Cricinfo. 
  8. ^ Kolkata's Eden Gardens stadium gets a new look for Cricket World Cup 2011. World Interior Design Network. Retrieved on 10 June 2010
  9. ^ "Eden Gardens loses World Cup match". IndiaVoice. 28 January 2011. Retrieved 2011-01-30. 
  10. ^ Basu, Rith (22 March 2011). "Empty end to Eden’s Cup – And the roar died: just 15 match-day tickets sold for Zimbabwe-Kenya tie". Calcutta, India: The Telegraph (Kolkata). Retrieved 2011-10-12. 
  11. ^ "Eden Gardens, Kolkata (One-Day Internationals Match results)". ESPN Cricinfo. 18 Mar 2011. 
  12. ^ "Eden Gardens, Kolkata (Twenty20 Internationals Match results)". ESPN Cricinfo. 29 Oct 2011. 
  13. ^ "Eden Gardens, Kolkata (Test Match results)". ESPN Cricinfo. 18 Mar 2011. 

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